How is the Secretary of Defense appointed?

• A. Appointed by the President with advice and consent of the Senate.
• B. Elected by the people.
• C. Appointed by the Vice President.
• D. Appointed by the Joint Chiefs of Staff.

Answer: (A)

The Secretary of Defense is chosen through a presidential nomination that requires the Senate’s advice and consent. This means the President selects a candidate, and the Senate holds hearings and votes to confirm the appointment. This process, grounded in the Constitution, ensures civilian leadership of the military and accountability to the elected branches of government. The Secretary is not elected by the people, not appointed by the Vice President, and not chosen by the Joint Chiefs of Staff—the latter can advise, but they do not appoint.